Metz is an gorgeous city situated in northeastern France. The city is known for its remarkable architecture, history, and lively cultural scene. The city has a unique blend of French and German influences. The natural and cultural highlights of Metz is an overview of sights to visit and things to do when visiting Metz.
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History of Metz
The history of Metz traces back to its founding by the Gauls in 300 BC. Throughout the centuries the city has experienced the influences of Roman, German, and French rule. This created a unique cultural blend. During the Roman Empire, Metz was known as Divodurum Mediomatricorum. It served as a crucial strategic location for trade and military endeavours. The city’s architecture still shows evidence of its Roman heritage, including remnants of ancient walls, aqueducts, and other structures.
In the Middle Ages the city was a prominent centre for trade and craftsmanship. The city benefited from its location along the Moselle River. It became a significant site for religious pilgrimages, thanks to its numerous churches and monasteries. The city experienced considerable turmoil during the 19th and 20th centuries. This period came with frequent transitions in governance between Germany and France. This tumultuous time significantly influenced Metz’s architectural landscape. And it resulted in a blend of both German and French styles throughout the city.
Cathedrale Saint-Etienne
Cathédrale Saint-Étienne is constructed in the 13th century. It is a great representation of Gothic architecture in Metz. Its construction began in 1220 and it took nearly three centuries to complete. The cathedral is dedicated to Saint Stephen, the first Christian martyr. This cathedral has long served as a significant pilgrimage site for Christians.
One of the best features are the colourful stained glass windows. The drawings depict biblical scenes and narratives in vibrant colours and detailed designs. The glass windows were crafted by master artisans across various periods and styles. In addition to its remarkable stained glass, the cathedral also has a unique blend of architectural styles. While predominantly Gothic in design, it also includes elements of Romanesque and Renaissance architecture. It illustrates the diverse influences that shaped its construction.
During World War II, the cathedral sustained considerable damage from bombings. But it has since been restored to its former magnificence. Beyond its architectural splendour, this cathedral holds substantial significance in French history. It has been the site of important events such as coronations and royal marriages. The cathedral served as a symbol of power and faith for numerous rulers over the centuries.
Musee de La Cour d’Or
Situated in the centre of Metz is the Musée de La Cour d’Or. Visiting the museum is ideal for those interested in art and history. Housed in a 13th-century palace, this impressive museum serves not only as a cultural site but also as a significant historical landmark. A key highlight of the Musée de La Cour d’Or is its extensive collection of Gallo-Roman artifacts. Ranging from mosaics to everyday items utilized by the ancient Gauls. The collection offers valuable insights into the lives of our ancestors.
In addition to its focus on ancient history, the museum has a diverse array of artworks starting from the Middle Ages to the 20th century. The collection is including masterpieces by esteemed artists such as Corot, Delacroix and Moreau. This varied collection enables visitors to appreciate the evolution of artistic styles and movements throughout history.
Temple Neuf
The beautiful Temple Neuf is a historical landmark that deserves the attention of any visitor to the city. Temple Neuf was constructed between 1901 and 1904. It was designed by architect Conrad Wahn after the previous church on the site was destroyed during the Franco-Prussian War. Its name, meaning “New Temple,” symbolizes reconciliation between France and Germany following years of conflict.
The exterior of Temple Neuf illustrates German neo-Renaissance style. Its symmetrical design reflects traditional Protestant architecture. The church has a central nave with two towers. Beyond its architectural grandeur, Temple Neuf has a interesting history. During World War II, the church served as a military hospital and later as a refuge for those fleeing the bombings. It has also functioned as a centre for cultural events and interfaith dialogue, highlighting its role in adopting peace and unity.
Opera Theatre
The Opera Theatre in Metz, France, is not only a remarkable architectural achievement. It also has an intriguing history that dates back to the 18th century. This opera house has withstood the trials of wars, fires, and renovations. It established itself as a lasting symbol of culture and art in the city of Metz. The Theatre is originally constructed in the 1750s by French architect Jacques Ogerau. The theatre has a neoclassical design characterized by four tiers of boxes encircling the stage. Over the years, the theatre underwent several renovations and expansions. These adjustments increased seating capacity and acoustics.
During World War II, the theatre sustained significant damage from bombings and required extensive reconstruction. After years of rebuilding efforts, it reopened in 1972. It was than rebranded as the Opera Theatre in Metz. The new design combined elements of neo-baroque and modern architecture, resulting in a unique fusion of styles. The Opera Theatre continues to host a diverse range of cultural events. Including operas, ballets, and concerts.
Temple de Garnison
The Garrison Temple served as Protestant church. It was established by the Germans following their annexation. They designed the church for their soldiers. It is notable that, during this time, the German population was predominantly Protestant. This underlines the necessity for this establishment. A similar temple for civil use was constructed to complement the military garrison temple: the Temple Neuf.
While both structures differ significantly, the Garrison Temple is built in a neo-Gothic tradition. Today there is only the 91-metre bell tower that remains. The Garrison Temple was abandoned following the Germans’ departure in 1918. During the Second World War the church was damaged. In 1946 there was a fire that almost destroyed the entire church. Only the tower still stands.
Basilique Saint-Vincent
The basilica was constructed in the Gothic architectural style. The structure dates back to the 13th century when it was initially built as a Romanesque church. It was not until the 14th century that it got its current form. The interior has immense vaulted ceilings, detailed stained glass windows and stone carvings.
Jardin de l’esplanade
The origins of Jardin de l’Esplanade go back to the 18th century. The gardens were initially designed as a private garden for the palace of French King Louis XV. It was not until the 19th century that it was opened to the public. The well-maintained lawns create a tranquil setting in the middle of the city. It’s ideal for a leisurely stroll or a picnic with friends and family. From the park you have stunning views of the city’s iconic landmarks, including the Cathedral Saint Etienne and the Arsenal concert hall.
Basilica of Saint-Pierre-aux-Nonnains
Saint-Pierre-aux-Nonnains was constructed between the late 4th and early 5th centuries. This structure has been preserved since its foundation. Originally, it was a part of a complex of rooms interconnected by galleries. It may have served as a unfinished palestra, a thermal complex or a civil basilica. In antiquity, the palestra was a space designated for physical exercise among youth. While the basilica served as a gathering place.
In 451, the complex, like many structures in Metz, suffered devastation at the hands of the Huns. Following a period of neglect, it changed into a Benedictine abbey around 620. This period also produced notable Merovingian sculpture, including a depiction of Christ. The 10th century saw significant alterations to the church. These were facilitated by donations from Emperor Otto. In the 15th century, the building underwent further remodelling. This resulted in the creation of a Gothic vault with ribbed arches.
The spiritual function of the structure stopped in 1556. As a result, the Church of Saint-Pierre-aux-Nonnains was incorporated into a military complex. The building today is part of the Arsenal complex. The original structure of the church remains noticeable through its simplistic exterior walls and dimensions.
Palais du Gouverneur Militaire
The Governor’s Palace is a German design constructed from Jaumont stone. It is situated in the Esplanade district. The palace is built between 1902 and 1905 and it served as a prestigious residence for the General commanding the 16th German Corps. And also as a pied-à-terre for the emperor. It’s design resembles that of an extravagant palace rather than a strictly military establishment.
The palace is in close proximity to the remnants of ancient Roman and medieval walls. Some of which are visible in the gardens. The building is designed in the style of a Renaissance castle reflective of Northern Germany. It features a main wing and two asymmetrical side wings, creating a surprising architectural effect. During the Annexation, the left wing was designated for the emperor.
Porte Serpenoise
The Serpenoise Gate is a city gate located at the corner of Avenue Robert Schuman and Rue du Général Gaston-Dupuis. It remains a symbol associated with several significant historical events in the city of Metz. In the 13th century, the city of Metz acquired the rights of a “ free city” of the Holy Roman Empire. With the improvement of the bourgeoisie, Metz became an influential oligarchic republic. In response to the ambitions of its powerful neighbours, the city of Metz raised its walls and strengthened its towers. The first Serpenoise Gate was built in the 13th century, simultaneously with the city walls. The walls were built along the Roman road connecting Metz to Scarpone, a village upstream of Metz on the Moselle river.
The 13th-century gate was not of great importance; it featured an oblique archway crossing the walls. The structure was heavily damaged during the Siege of Metz in1552. The medieval Serpenoise Gate was demolished in 1561 to make way for the fortifications of the citadel. The current Serpenoise Gate was reconstructed in 1852 and is situated not far from the original location of the Scarponne Gate. It underwent renovation and adopted its current form as an Arch of Triumph.
Porte des Allemands
Porte des Allemands is a historical monument that has endured through the ages. It was constructed between 1230 and 1250. This fortified gate was originally part of the medieval fortifications encircling the city. The name “Porte des Allemands,” or “Gate of the Germans,” derives from its position on a route leading to Germany. It was also referred to as “Porta Alamanica” during the Middle Ages. The gate played an important defensive role for Metz during periods of conflict.
Characterized by its two large towers, robust walls, and drawbridge, Porte des Allemands served as the principal entrance to the city. It protected Metz from attacks and facilitated the collection of toll fees from travellers entering.
The architecture of Porte des Allemands demonstrates medieval military engineering. The towers are constructed from stone blocks and include small openings designed for shooting arrows or pouring boiling oil on assailants. Throughout the centuries, Porte des Allemands has undergone numerous transformations and repairs. In the 18th century, it even functioned as a prison. It was not until the 19th century that the gate was restored to its original grandeur. This was thanks to the efforts of architect Prosper Morey.
Jardin Botanique
The Jardin botanique in Metz is a remarkable green oasis and a valuable source of knowledge. Visitors can explore over 7,000 plant species from around the globe. Each plant has its unique story and purpose, whether medicinal, culinary, or aesthetic.
Walk from Metz to Aquaduc Romain in Jouy-aux-Arches
Are you an enthusiast of outdoor adventures and discovering new places? If so, this destination is ideal for you! For those looking for an off-the-beaten-path experience, consider taking a walk from Metz to the Aquaduc Romain in Jouy-aux-Arches. You can start your journey at Jardin de l’Esplanade . As you walk out of the city, you will be welcomed by beautiful countryside views and charming green views of the Moselle river.
After walking 8 kilometres, you will arrive in the small town of Jouy-aux-Arches, famed for its Roman aqueduct. This remarkable structure, built in the 2nd century AD, was an important water supply system for the nearby city of Divodurum Mediomatricorum (modern-day Metz). As you approach the aqueduct, you will appreciate its arches and envision how it appeared during its peak.
Monumental highlights in Europe
Europe is a continent full of history and culture. From renowned landmarks to lesser-known treasures. There is always something new and intriguing to discover. In this paragraph I will give you a few lesser known options. Including Maastricht in the Netherlands, Luxembourg City, Vianden, and the Mullerthal region in Luxembourg.
Maastricht
Maastricht is a picturesque city located in the southern Netherlands. Renowned for its exquisite architecture that harmoniously blends Dutch and Belgian influences. Maastricht’s iconic Vrijthof Square has amazing historic structures. Such as the Basilica of Saint Servatius and the Town Hall.
Luxembourg city
From Maastricht it’s only a 2,5 hour drive to Luxembourg City. It’s the capital of one of Europe’s smallest nations. Despite its size, the city impresses with its grandeur and historical narrative. A notable highlight is the Grand Ducal Palace, the official residence of the Grand Duke. Visitors can participate in guided tours to gain insight into its importance. Another essential site is the stunning Notre-Dame Cathedral, known for its Gothic architecture and exquisite stained glass windows.
Vianden in Luxembourg
For those looking for a natural retreat should visit Vianden in Luxembourg. This charming town is situated in the Our Valley and has a breathtaking castle on top of a hill. Dating back to the 10th century the Vianden Castle is remarkably well-preserved and attracts many visitors. The town also has a few scenic hiking trails, inviting cafes, and traditional restaurants that serve delicious local cuisine.
