Ljubljana is the capital of Slovenia. Beyond its picturesque streets and cultural scene, the area around Ljubljana has also many highlights to discover. The Postojna Caves is one of the most famous natural wonders in Slovenia. This large karst cave system stretches over 24 kilometres. And not far from the caves is Predjama Castle. A unique castle built in the opening of a cave.
For those who appreciate to be outdoors Podpesko Jezero is very nice place to visit. It’s a peaceful blue lake near Ljubljana. In the summer you can swim in the lake or just relax. The area is great for hiking and cycling. The Castle of Smlednik is an old medieval castle north of Ljubljana. The castle is located on top of a hill. From here you have stunning views over the surrounding countryside. Discover these natural and cultural highlights outside Ljubljana and let the country amaze you.
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Postojna Caves
The Postojna Caves are located in the southwestern part of Slovenia. They are one of the country’s most iconic natural attractions. The caves are spreading over 24 kilometres. They form a large underground world full of breathtaking stalactites, stalagmites, and other stunning limestone formations. This karst cave system is not only one of the largest and most visited caves in Europe but also a unique natural wonder.
History
The Postojna Caves have a long history that dates back millions of years. They were formed by the constant erosion of the limestone rock by the Pivka River. The caves were first explored in 1818, and since then, they have become a major tourist destination. Postojna was the first cave system in the world to be equipped with an electric lighting system in 1884. The caves are famous not only for their size and beauty but also for the discovery of the mysterious olm (Proteus anguinus). The olm is a rare and unique cave amphibian that has adapted to life in complete darkness.
Over the years, Postojna has been developed into a well-established tourist attraction. You can only access the cave with a guided tour. The caves are also important in the study of geology and cave ecosystems. Scientists and researchers from around the world visit and research the cave.
How to get there
The Postojna Caves are located about 50 kilometres southwest of Ljubljana. It’s easy accessible from the capital by car, train, or bus. If you’re driving, the caves are just a 45-minute ride along the A1 motorway from Ljubljana. You can also take a train to the Postojna Railway Station. The train station is about 1.5 kilometres from the cave entrance. From the station you can take a short shuttle bus or walk to the cave. Buses from Ljubljana’s main bus station also travel to Postojna. Once you arrive at the bus station of Postojna you can take the shuttle bus or walk to the entrance of the caves.
Best time to visit
The Postojna Caves are open to visitors year-round. The peak tourist season is during the warmer months, from late spring to early autumn. If you prefer to avoid the crowds, the caves are also a fantastic destination in the off-season. In winter when the stalactites and stalagmites can look even more spectacular against the cold backdrop. During the winter months, it’s less crowded, giving visitors a more peaceful and personal exploration of the cave system.
What to bring
Visiting the Postojna Caves is a remarkable experience, but it’s important to be prepared for the unique conditions underground. The temperature inside the cave remains constant year-round, at about 10°C (50°F). So even during summer, it’s wise to wear warm clothing. A light jacket or sweater is recommended. Especially if you’re sensitive to cooler temperatures.
Comfortable shoes are essential, as the cave tour includes walking on uneven and wet (slippery) surfaces. Don’t forget to bring your camera, as the cave’s beauty is truly photogenic. But always be respectful of any photography restrictions in certain areas. At the end of the tour you can admire a few olms. In this area it’s not allowed to take photos.
Booking tickets
Booking tickets for the Postojna Caves is very easy. You can purchase tickets in advance through the official Postojna Caves website. Here you’ll find information on various tour options, prices, and availability. It’s highly recommended to book tickets ahead of time. Especially during the peak tourist seasons, as tours can fill up quickly.
There are several types of tours available, including standard guided tours. The standard tours is around 1 hour 30 minutes and take you through the most impressive parts of the cave. They also have special packages that combine the cave visit with nearby attractions like Predjama Castle. You can also choose for a more in-depth tour with a specialized guide. Tickets are typically available for purchase at the cave entrance as well. But when booking online you are sure you have a spot.
Predjama Castle
Predjama Castle is one of Slovenia’s most impressive landmarks. It is dramatically located within a 123-meter-high cave opening in the green landscape of the Inner Carniola region. The castle is often referred to as the “castle in the cave.” Predjama is a beautiful example of medieval architecture. With its unique position and turbulent past, Predjama Castle is not only an architectural wonder but also an intriguing symbol of resilience and legend.
History
The history of Predjama Castle dates back to the 12th century. But the castle we see today was largely constructed in the 16th century. Built into the opening of a cave, the castle was designed as a strategic fortification. Its natural cliffside location made it an ideal stronghold, difficult to attack or access. It is famously associated with the legend of Erasmus of Lueg. He was a knight who rebelled against the Habsburgers and took refuge in the castle. According to the tale, Erasmus successfully withstood a long siege by using secret underground tunnels to bring him supplies. He was eventually betrayed when a servant revealed his secret. This led to his death at the hands of his enemies.
Over the centuries, the castle passed through the hands of various noble families. Predjama Castle is one of the most well-preserved castles in Slovenia. When you visit the castle you can explore its history, architecture, and legendary inhabitants.
How to get there
Predjama Castle is located about 9 kilometres from the Postojna Caves. The castle is approximately a 45-minute drive from Ljubljana, and you can easily reach it by car or bus. If you’re driving, the castle is located off the main road leading from Postojna to the town of Nova Gorica. There is parking available near the entrance.
Public transportation options to Predjama are somewhat limited. It’s generally easier to visit by car. But from Postojna, you can take a local bus, shuttle bus (only available in the summer) or taxi. You can join a guided day tour that includes transportation to Predjama, which is often available in combination with a trip to the nearby Postojna Caves.
Best time to visit
The best time to visit Predjama Castle is during the spring and summer months (from May to September). These months are ideal for outdoor exploration, as you can admire the castle from various viewpoints around the cliff and take in the beauty of the surrounding green hills.
But Predjama Castle is also an impressive sight during the autumn months when the landscape has fall colours. Visiting in the off-season, such as during the winter, can provide a more serene experience, with fewer crowds and a mystical atmosphere. Especially if there is snow.
How to book tickets
Tickets to Predjama Castle can be purchased directly at the entrance, but it is highly recommended to book in advance. Particularly during the high tourist season. You can book tickets online through the official website. Here you’ll find details on opening hours, ticket prices, and various tour options. Pre-booking your tickets makes sure that you won’t miss out on a visit during peak times.
There are several ticket options available. Including general admission for a self-guided tour or guided tours that offer a more in-depth exploration of the castle’s history and the surrounding area. Guided tours are particularly useful for those interested in learning more about the legends and historical events associated with the castle. You can also purchase combined tickets that offer access to both the castle and the nearby Postojna Caves.
What to expect
When visiting Predjama Castle don’t forget to explore both the exterior and interior of this fascinating fortress. The castle is home to several rooms, including the knights’ hall, a chapel, the dungeon, and a number of historical exhibits displaying its medieval past. Don’t miss the start of the secret tunnels, which add to the allure of the castle and the legend of Erasmus.
Be sure to bring comfortable footwear, as there are some stairs and uneven surfaces to navigate within the castle. If you plan to take a guided tour, bring a jacket or sweater. Inside the castle it can be cooler, even more in the winter months.
Podpesko Jezero
Podpesko Jezero is situated in the picturesque countryside just a short drive from Ljubljana. Podpesko Jezero is a tranquil lake that gives a peaceful retreat for nature lovers and outdoor activities. The lake is located near the village of Podpeč. The area is surrounded by hills, forests, and meadows, making it an ideal destination if you are looking for relaxation, hiking, or birdwatching. Known for its clear fresh waters and relaxed atmosphere, Podpesko Jezero is a hidden gem that allows visitors to escape the hustle and bustle of city life. And at the same time you can enjoy the natural beauty of Slovenia.
History of Podpesko Jezero
Podpesko Jezero, or Podpeč Lake, is a lake that was formed centuries ago through the geological processes that shaped the landscape of Slovenia. The lake is relatively small, with a length of about 400 meters and a depth of approximately 10 meters. The beauty of the lake, surrounding landscape and tranquillity have made it a popular spot. Historically, the area has been an agricultural region, with many farms and small villages.
In addition to its peaceful setting, Podpesko Jezero has an ecological importance because of the diverse range of wildlife. The lake and its surrounding wetlands attract various species of birds, amphibians, and other animals, making it an excellent spot for birdwatching and nature walks. Local legends also surround the lake, with stories that have been passed down through generations, adding a layer of mystique to this quiet corner of Slovenia.
How to get there
Podpesko Jezero is located about 20 kilometres southwest of Ljubljana. The lake is easy accessible for day trips from the capital. The most convenient way to reach the lake is by car, and the drive takes about 30 minutes. From Ljubljana, head south along the main road to the town of Ig and follow the signs to Podpeč. The road leading to the lake is well-maintained, and there is a small parking area near the lake, making it easy to stop and explore.
Public transportation options to Podpesko Jezero are more limited, but visitors can take a direct bus from Ljubljana to Jezero and then walk 5 minutes to the lake. Take bus 19B Jezero-Tomacevo that goes from Ljubljana to Jezero.
Best time to visit
The best time to visit Podpesko Jezero is during the warmer months, from late spring to early autumn. During this period, the weather is pleasant, with temperatures going from mild to warm. This weather is perfect for outdoor activities such as walking, cycling, or simply enjoying a peaceful day by the lake. The surrounding nature is at its most beautiful during these months, with the trees and wildflowers in full bloom.
While the summer months are the peak time for visitors, early spring and autumn can also be great times to explore Podpesko Jezero. Swimming is perhaps a little bit too cold but the landscape is amazing.
Church of Saint Anne
The Church of Saint Anne is a picturesque Baroque-style church located near Podpesko Jezero. The church is situated on top of the hill and has stunning views of the surrounding countryside. The structure is built in the 18th century. It’s a simple yet elegant design, with a prominent bell tower and a modest interior. The church is known for its peaceful atmosphere. It’s a great spot to go for a picnic and from here you have amazing views of surrounding area. On a clear day you can even see the Alps.
Castle of Smlednik
Castle Smlednik is one of the country’s lesser-known historical highlights in Slovenia. The castle is built on top of a hill and close to the Sava River. This castle is an excellent destination if you like history, scenic views, and a touch of adventure. Smlednik does not have the grandeur of some of Slovenia’s more famous castles but it is a great place where nature, history, and culture come together. The castle’s unique location and relatively untouched state make it a must-see for anyone exploring the region.
History
Castle Smlednik dates back to the 12th century, and its origins are tied to the noble families of medieval Slovenia. The castle was first built by the noble family of Smlednik. They were part of the wider network of feudal lords in the region. Over the centuries, it has gone through numerous reconstructions and ownership changes. The castle played an important role during various historical periods, including the Middle Ages. Like many castles in Slovenia, it slowly lost its military importance and fell into disrepair over the centuries. Castle Smlednik is mostly in ruins, but it still has the grandeur of its past.
Best time to visit
The best time to visit Castle Smlednik is during the spring and early autumn months when the weather is mild and the surrounding nature is at its best. In spring, the hillsides are covered with green trees and wildflowers. The autumn has a stunning display of colourful foliage. The castle is open year-round, but visitors should be prepared for potentially challenging weather conditions during winter. When it’s snowing and the cold temperatures can make the hike up to the castle more difficult. The months of May through October are ideal for hiking and exploring the area, as the landscape is more accessible and the views are breathtaking.
How to get there
Castle Smlednik is located near the town of Smlednik. It’s about 20 kilometres from Ljubljana. The most convenient way to reach the castle is by car, and the drive takes about 30 minutes from Ljubljana. Parking is available near the base of the hill, from where you can begin the hike to the castle. For those going by public transport, taking a bus to the nearby town of Tacen is the best option. From there you can hike through the woods to the castle.
Hiking from Tacen to Castle Smlednik
The hike from Tacen to Castle Smlednik is a special route. Tacen is located on the banks of the Sava River and is the starting point for the journey. The hike is challenging, with a total distance of around 9 kilometers. The trail goes through beautiful natural surroundings, with forested paths and scenic views. As you ascend, you’ll notice the quietude of the area, making it a perfect escape from the hustle and bustle of urban life. The trail to Castle Smlednik has panoramic views of the Ljubljana Marshes and the surrounding hills.
Warning: The trail from Tacen to the castle is only marked with signposts at the start. Beyond that point, hikers need to navigate independently through the forest. I recommended to use navigation apps such as Maps.me or Topo GPS rather than Google Maps. During my hike in the summer of 2024, I noticed that a large part of the trail was no longer visible and was largely overgrown. But with careful observation, parts of the trail can still be seen. This hike is best suited for more experienced hikers.
Monumental highlights in Europe
Europe is home to many monumental highlights. Each structure, monument, building, church has its own unique history and architectural beauty. In Udine in Italy, visitors can admire the impressive Udine Castle and the elegant Piazza della Libertà. Here you can admire the Venetian influences.
Zurich in Switzerland is renowned for its medieval Old Town, with landmarks such as Grossmünster Church and the beautiful Lake Zurich. The Austrian city of Innsbruck is famed for its imperial architecture, including the Golden Roof and the Hofburg Palace. And in the background you can admire the stunning Alps. Strasbourg is popular for the iconic Gothic cathedral and picturesque canals in the UNESCO-listed Old Town.
